Showing posts with label slime molds. Show all posts
Showing posts with label slime molds. Show all posts

Monday, March 22, 2021

448 - Myxomycete Makes Mycelial Memories

Slime mold on a log
By frankenstoen, CC BY 2.5
Finally found some good stories, so we're back! This episode: How slime molds encode and use memories built into their own bodies!

Download Episode (4.6 MB, 6.7 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Aeromonas salmoncida

Takeaways
Despite being single-celled organisms, slime molds have fairly complex behavior, including a basic form of memory. They often grow as a network of tubes of cytoplasm branching out from one place to find and exploit new sources of food in their environment. When these tubes connect to new food, other less productive branches of its body shrink away.

As it turns out, this body form serves a role in memory also. This study determined that the slime mold's tubes undergo constant squeezing, which moves cell contents around and also shrinks them. When tubes are connecting to a food source though, they secrete a softening agent that allows the pressure to expand the tubes instead of shrinking them. These larger tubes consequently are capable of transporting more softening agent farther away to newer food sources, so the history of food discoveries is recorded in the slime mold's own body, which also influences its responses to new discoveries.

Journal Paper:
Kramar M, Alim K. 2021. Encoding memory in tube diameter hierarchy of living flow network. Proc Natl Acad Sci 118.
Other interesting stories:

Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

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Monday, July 15, 2019

BacterioFiles 391 - Slime Stores Sodium Sensibility

Physarum polycephalum on a log
By frankenstoen - flickr, CC BY 2.5
This episode: Slime molds can learn to get used to salt and hold on to that memory even after a period of dormancy!

Download Episode (8.9 MB, 9.7 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Nocardia transvalensis

News item

Takeaways
Slime mold Physarum polycephalum has many surprisingly intelligent abilities, despite being only a single cell. Studying how these abilities work in the cell can teach us new ways that life can do things. The ability of interest here is habituation, or learning not to avoid a chemical that seems unpleasant to the cell but is not necessarily harmful, especially with a food reward.

The slime mold can become habituated to salt, in this case, learning to tolerate it enough to pass through a gradient of increasing concentration to get to some food as quickly as it crosses the same distance with no salt present. The scientists here learned that the cell takes up sodium into itself as it habituates, and holds onto both sodium and its memory through a period of hibernation.

Journal Paper:
Boussard A., Delescluse J., Pérez-Escudero A., Dussutour A. 2019. Memory inception and preservation in slime moulds: the quest for a common mechanism. Phil Trans R Soc B 374:20180368.

Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, RSS, Google Play. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.

Monday, November 14, 2016

BacterioFiles 276 - Single-cell Slime School

By frankenstoen - flickr, CC BY 2.5 
This episode: Individual slime molds show the ability to learn about their environment!
Download Episode (8.8 MB, 9.6 minutes)

Show notes:
News item

Journal Paper:
Boisseau RP, Vogel D, Dussutour A. 2016. Habituation in non-neural organisms: evidence from slime moulds. Proc R Soc B 283:20160446.

Other interesting stories:
  • Lactobacilli could control fungal plant pathogen (paper)
  • Probiotics may not be helpful if one is genetically unable to respond to them
  • Activity of gut microbes can affect nervous system inflammation
  • Biofilms develop good electrical conductivity (paper)
  • Three ways antibiotics affect more than just infections

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes or Google Play, support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter, or Facebook

    Monday, October 10, 2016

    BacterioFiles 271 - Dictyostelium Delivers DNA Deathtraps

    Sentinel cells fluorescing green
    Credit: Xuezhi Zhang
    This episode: Slime molds have special cells that capture and kill bacteria using traps made of DNA!
    Download Episode (11.2 MB, 12.25 minutes)

    Show notes:
    Follow-up study from ep 255 group related to this study

    Link to Audiommunity episode about Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

    Journal Paper:
    Zhang X, Zhuchenko O, Kuspa A, Soldati T. 2016. Social amoebae trap and kill bacteria by casting DNA nets. Nat Commun 7:10938.

    Other interesting stories:
  • Making E. coli produce propane fuel (paper)
  • Bacteria can convert algae directly into ethanol (paper)
  • Certain chronic virus infections could indicate your family history
  • Viruses can transfer pigment production ability between bacteria
  • Different sizes of bacteria impose different limitations

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes or Google Play, support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter, or Facebook

    Monday, February 3, 2014

    BacterioFiles Micro Edition 153 - Social Swarmers Synchronize Cell Systems

    This episode: Bacteria that swarm in the soil cooperate or compete based on one particular protein structure!

    Download Episode (10.5 MB, 11.5 minutes)

    Show notes:
    News item/Journal Paper

    Other interesting stories:
    **Special bacteria could help make better-tasting rice vinegar (paper)
    **Soil microbes may be essential for health of an ecosystem
    **Fungi in compost actually degrade polyester somewhat (paper)
    **Excellent FAQ about the human microbiome
    **Bacteria in soil can inhibit diseases of wheat (paper)

    Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes, check out the show at TwitterMicrobeWorld, or Facebook

    This show features music from Mevio's podsafe Music Alley.

    Monday, January 20, 2014

    Sunday, January 24, 2010

    BacterioFiles Episode 4


    In this show, I report on four exciting stories: using slime molds to design networks, bacteria working together to reduce environmental damage, a stomach germ that helps prevent tuberculosis, and bacterial colonies that flash in synchrony.

    Download Episode (10 MB, 11 minutes)

    Download Sections:
    Intro
    Story 1
    Story 2
    Story 3
    Story 4
    Ending Comments

    Show notes:
    Story 1: News item/Journal paper
    Story 2: News item/Journal paper
    Story 3: News item/Journal paper
    Story 4: News item/Journal paper

    Nature video for story 4:


    Other interesting stories:
    **Bacteria detoxify selenium in soil
    **Scientists find heat-loving organisms in Arctic waters and trace them to their probable origins
    **Distillery plans to use bacteria to digest yeasty waste, using the resulting methane to produce electricity (or power local cars), ultimately reducing costs
    **Scientists find that eating lots of apples may lead to more good bacteria in the gut
    **Researchers discover that some kinds of bacteria have membrane-bound internal structures, which were once thought to only exist in eukaryotes (like animals and plants)
    **Development of a potential probiotic treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles at gmail dot com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes

    This show features music from Mevio's podsafe Music Alley.